Ancient city of Anuradhapura is a major city and Unesco World Heritage site located in the north central plain of Sri Lanka lying 205 kilometers (127 mi) north of Colombo on the banks of the historic Malwathu Oya famous for its well-preserved ruins of the ancient Sinhalese civilisation. Best historical sites has been inhabited as a major human settlement on the island for Sunrise at Ruwanwelisaya stupa almost three millennia and it is one of the oldest continuously occupied cities in Asia.
It is the cradle of the Hydraulic Sinhalese civilisation, Theravada Buddhism, and the longest-serving ancient capital of Sri Lanka that has survived for 1500 years. Ancient city of Anuradhapura was also the centre of Theravada Buddhism for many centuries and has been a major Buddhist pilgrimage site with ruins of many ancient Buddhist temples, including the famous Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya and the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi, the oldest still-living, documented, Sacred Bodhi Tree Anuradhapura in the world[1] and that is believed to have originally been a branch of the sacred fig tree at Bodh Gaya (Bihar, India), under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.
Ancient city of Anuradhapura of Theravada Buddhism
As the birthplace of Theravada Buddhism in Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura Sunrise at Ruwanwelisaya stupa remains one of the world’s most significant Buddhist pilgrimage sites. Key sacred landmarks include:
- Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi – The oldest documented living tree in the world, grown from a sapling of the original Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya (India), under which the Buddha attained enlightenment.
- Anuradhapura Maha Viharaya – A sprawling monastic complex that was a major center of Buddhist scholarship.
- Ruwanwelisaya Dagoba – A majestic stupa built by King Dutugemunu, symbolizing the pinnacle of Sinhalese Buddhist architecture.
- Abhayagiri & Jetavanaramaya – Once among the tallest ancient structures in the world, these monastic universities attracted monks from across Asia.
Ancient city of Anuradhapura Grandeur and Legend
Beyond its religious significance, Sacred Bodhi Tree Anuradhapura boasts royal palaces, Sunrise at Ruwanwelisaya stupa moonstones, and ancient monasteries that reflect its golden age. The Isurumuniya Rock Temple, with its Best historical sites famous lover’s sculpture, and the Samadhi Buddha Statue, a masterpiece of serene meditation, highlight the city’s artistic brilliance.
A Living Heritage Site
Unlike many ancient ruins, Sacred Bodhi Tree Anuradhapura remains a living heritage city, where millennia-old temples still function as active places of worship. Pilgrims and travelers alike walk among sacred stupas, stone-carved ponds, and monastic ruins, experiencing a profound connection to Best historical sites Sri Lanka’s spiritual past.
Why Visit Anuradhapura?
- Historical Significance – One of the world’s greatest ancient cities, rivaling Rome and Athens in its time.
- Architectural Wonders – Massive dagobas, intricate carvings, and ancient reservoirs.
- Spiritual Journey – A pilgrimage site for Buddhists and a treasure trove for history lovers.
- UNESCO Recognition – Preserved as a testament to human civilization’s endurance.
For those seeking to explore the roots of Sri Lankan culture, Buddhism, and hydraulic ingenuity, Anuradhapura offers an unparalleled journey through time. Whether cycling among its ruins, meditating under sacred trees, or marveling at its engineering feats, this ancient city is a must-visit destination for every traveler.