Sinharaja rainforest Reserve is a forest reserve and a biodiversity hotspot in Sri Lanka. It is of international significance and has been designated a Biosphere Reserve and World Heritage Site by UNESCO World Heritage.[1]
This is the country’s last viable area of primary tropical rainforest, where over 60% of the trees are endemic with many of them considered rare.
It harbors 50% of Sri Lankan’s endemic species of animals (especially butterfly, amphibians, birds, snakes and fish species) and it is home to 95% endemic birds. The hilly virgin rainforest, part of the Sri Lanka lowland rain forests ecoregion, was saved from the worst of commercial logging by its inaccessibility.
Specialist trekking tours are available and the Park can be reached for day excursions from the south coast beach resorts.
As the last remaining primary tropical rainforest in Sri Lanka, Sinharaja rainforest is a living treasure where over 60% of its trees are endemic, including rare species such as the Doona spp. and Shorea spp. (Sri Lankan ironwood and dipterocarps). The dense canopy, guided trekking, towering trees, and rich undergrowth create a thriving ecosystem unlike any other in the Reserve tour.
Wildlife & Biodiversity
Sinharaja is a sanctuary for endemic and endangered species:
- Mammals: Purple-faced langur, Sri Lankan leopard (rare sightings), and giant squirrels.
- Birds: Over 95% of Sri Lanka’s endemic birds, including the Sri Lanka blue magpie, red-faced malkoha, and green-billed coucal.
- Reptiles & Amphibians: Home to rare species like the green pit viper and Sri Lanka kangaroo lizard.
- Butterflies & Insects: A haven for rare butterflies, including the Sri Lanka birdwing (one of the largest in the country).
Sinharaja rainforest Conservation & Ecotourism
Originally saved from large-scale logging due to its guided trekking, Sinharaja now operates under strict conservation laws. Visitors can explore via guided nature trails, with options ranging from Reserve tour to multi-day treks. The forest is accessible from popular south coast resorts.
